A freedom of information request (FOI) by environmental group Greenpeace has shown the amount of investment by energy companies at some UK universities topping more than £20million.
Electricity generated from renewables in Scotland has matched that produced from fossil fuels for the first time.
Both sources accounted for 32% of total electricity generated in 2013, according to figures released by the UK Department of Energy and Climate Change.
Scotland continues to be a net exporter of electricity, exporting 28% of generation compared to 26% in 2012.
